Impact crater research focuses on studying the formation, structure, and characteristics of impact craters on the Earth's surface, as well as on other planetary bodies like the Moon, Mars, and Mercury. Scientists use various methods including fieldwork, remote sensing, and numerical modeling to understand the processes involved in crater formation, the effects of impacts on the environment, and the implications for planetary evolution. This research area is important for understanding the history of planetary bodies in our solar system, as well as the potential risks of impacts on Earth.